Gabions are useful to control erosion around bridge and culvert structures or other locations subject to scouring at the base of the embankment or drainage channel. Gabions and mattresses consist of rectangular units, fabricated from welded wire fabric or twisted hexagonal mesh zinc or PVC (polyvinyl chloride) coated wire. Filled with stone, gabions become large, flexible and permeable elements from which a broad range of structures can be built (retaining walls, river bank protection, weirs, etc.). Gabions are divided into cells with diaphragms, whose function is to reinforce the structure. Vegetation that establishes in the gabion will provide further reinforcement.

the diamond wire netting gabion specification in www.gabions-mesh.com is intended for erosion control applications with one or two tiers of gabion baskets, at approximate heights of four feet or less. Applications with higher stacking of baskets that will function as retaining walls need additional design considerations as to the size and configuration of the gabion.

ASTM Standards A 974-97 and A 975-97 as referenced in table  allow a variety of wire types. The contractor has the option to select the basket type and manufacturer. The designer should determine if the gabion is subject to standing water. For a wet/dry environment, the plans should note where PVC coated wire is required. The designer may also require a qualified manufacturer’s representative to be on-site at the beginning of each gabion installation to review standard installation procedures with the contractor and the owner’s representative. If a neat appearance is desired, the plans should require hand stacking of the front face.

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